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Size-Exclusion Chromatography

Size-Exclusion Chromatography

In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
Silica particles offer advantages such as rigidity,...

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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Fabrication of a Dipole-assisted Solid Phase Extraction Microchip for Trace Metal Analysis in Water Samples

Fabrication of a Dipole-assisted Solid Phase Extraction Microchip for Trace Metal Analysis in Water Samples

Published on: August 7, 2016

Solid-phase microextraction in bioanalysis: New devices and directions.

Dajana Vuckovic¹, Xu Zhang, Erasmus Cudjoe

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada.

Journal of Chromatography. A

|December 25, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances in solid-phase microextraction (SPME) enhance bioanalysis. New in vivo SPME devices and automation enable high-throughput studies in life sciences.

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Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Bioanalysis
Biotechnology

Background:

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a crucial sample preparation technique.
Advancements are needed to improve its utility in bioanalysis.
In vivo applications require specialized devices and calibration methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent technological developments in SPME for bioanalysis.
To highlight innovations enhancing in vivo and high-throughput applications.
To discuss the integration of SPME with advanced analytical instrumentation.

Main Methods:

Review of new biocompatible coating phases for SPME.
Development of in vivo SPME devices and sampling interfaces for small animals.
Introduction of novel calibration approaches for in vivo studies.
Automation of SPME in a 96-well format for high-throughput analysis.

Main Results:

New SPME devices enable in vivo pharmacokinetics, bioaccumulation, and metabolomics studies with high resolution.
Novel calibration methods provide fast, quantitative results without equilibrium.
Automated SPME achieves high-throughput analysis (>1000 samples/day) for drug concentrations and binding studies.
SPME is now fully explored as a sample preparation tool in life sciences, integrated with sensitive LC-MS/MS.

Conclusions:

Technological advancements have significantly enhanced SPME for bioanalysis.
In vivo and automated SPME applications are expanding the scope of life science research.
SPME, coupled with modern instrumentation, offers powerful solutions for complex biological sample analysis.