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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
09:38

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

Published on: September 12, 2016

Treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Marija Bosnjak-Pasić1, Branka Vidrih, Snjezana Miskov

  • 1University Department of Neurology, Reference Center for Neurovascular Disorders, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of the Republic of Croatia, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia. marijabosnjakpasic@net.hr

Acta Clinica Croatica
|January 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune central nervous system disease. Recent advancements focus on new treatments to prevent relapses and slow disease progression, with some drugs approved and others in research.

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Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Neurology
  • Demyelinating diseases

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • It involves multifocal inflammatory destruction of myelin, axonal damage, and oligodendrocyte loss.
  • MS progresses through inflammatory and degenerative stages, with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) being the most common form (85% of cases).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current treatment strategies for multiple sclerosis.
  • To highlight recent advancements in disease-modifying therapies.
  • To discuss the development and registration status of new MS drugs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies and drug development in multiple sclerosis.
  • Analysis of treatment approaches for acute phases, relapse prevention, and progression management.
  • Examination of drug registration in European countries and the USA.

Main Results:

  • The majority of recent therapeutic advancements in MS target disease progression and relapse prevention.
  • Several new drugs have been registered in major markets like Europe and the USA.
  • Other promising treatments are currently in various phases of clinical research and development.

Conclusions:

  • Current MS treatment focuses on managing relapses and slowing disease progression with novel therapies.
  • The pipeline for new MS drugs is active, with ongoing research and regulatory approvals.
  • Continued research is crucial for further improving patient outcomes in multiple sclerosis.