Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
07:50
An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
Published on: January 7, 2019
Changing trends of infective endocarditis
Naveed Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Tariq Farman, Jawaid Akbar Sial
1National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi.
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|January 9, 2010
Summary
This study found that nearly half of infective endocarditis cases were culture-negative, with Staphylococcus being the most common pathogen. This highlights potential shifts in bacterial endocarditis trends.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection affecting heart valves.
- Understanding the causative organisms and culture results is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of culture-positive and culture-negative endocarditis.
- To identify the types of organisms responsible for bacterial endocarditis at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from March to October 2006.
- Seventy-five patients meeting Duke Criteria for definite infective endocarditis were included.
- Data collection involved clinical assessment and blood cultures.
Main Results:
- The study included 75 patients, predominantly males (70%) and young (90% < 40 years).
- Blood cultures were positive in 53.3% of cases and negative in 46.7%.
- Staphylococcus, particularly coagulase-negative staphylococci (35%), was the most common organism in culture-positive cases.
Conclusions:
- The findings suggest a changing spectrum of organisms causing bacterial endocarditis in the local community compared to Western reports.
- Further research is needed to understand the reasons behind these evolving trends in infective endocarditis.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Endocarditis I: Introduction
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
01:18Endocarditis III: Medical Management
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
01:29Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
01:14Myocarditis III: Medical Management
Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...