Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Machines

Machines

Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. One example of a machine is the cutting plier, which is used to cut wires by applying forces to its handles. When equal and opposite forces are exerted on the handles of the cutting plier, they cause the cutting edges to come together and apply equal and opposite reaction forces on the wire, which are greater than the applied forces.
A free-body diagram of the...

Machines: Problem Solving II

Machines: Problem Solving II

Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. Consider a lifting tong carrying a 100 kg load. It comprises movable sections DAF and CBG linked together with member AB.

Clamper Circuit

Clamper Circuit

A clamper circuit, also known as a DC restorer, represents a specialized variant of the rectifier circuit, notable for its method of taking the output across the diode rather than the capacitor. This configuration lends to several distinctive applications, particularly in handling square wave inputs.
Within this circuit, the diode's orientation prompts the capacitor to charge up to the level of the most negative peak of the input signal. Upon reaching this state, the diode ceases to conduct,...

Binary Fission

Binary Fission

Fission is the division of a single entity into two or more parts, which regenerate into separate entities that resemble the original. Organisms in the Archaea and Bacteria domains reproduce using binary fission, in which a parent cell splits into two parts that can each grow to the size of the original parent cell. This asexual method of reproduction produces cells that are all genetically identical.

Binary Fission

Binary Fission

Binary fission is the primary mode of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes, such as bacteria. It results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells. This highly efficient process ensures the rapid propagation of bacterial populations under favorable conditions and involves coordinated cellular and molecular events.DNA Replication and SeparationThe process begins with the replication of the bacterial chromosome. The circular DNA molecule unwinds at a specific origin of...

Mnemonic Devices

Mnemonic Devices

Mnemonic devices are cognitive tools that facilitate memory retention by linking new information to familiar patterns or organizational strategies. These techniques are beneficial for remembering complex or lengthy sets of information by simplifying and structuring them in easily retrievable ways.
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Prediction of soft-tissue changes after mandibular advancement surgery with an equation developed with multivariable regression.

American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics·2008

Same author

The organic builder: a public experiment in artificial chemistries and self-replication.

Artificial life·2008

Same author

Evolvable self-reproducing cells in a two-dimensional artificial chemistry.

Artificial life·2007

Same author

Discriminating power of localized three-dimensional facial morphology.

American journal of human genetics·2005

Same author

3D analysis of facial morphology.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A·2004

Same author

Estimating average growth trajectories in shape-space using kernel smoothing.

IEEE transactions on medical imaging·2003

Same journal

If Turing Played Piano With an Artificial Partner.

Artificial life·2026

Same journal

Discovering Partial Differential Equations With Neural Cellular Automata.

Artificial life·2026

Same journal

Book Review: Exploring the Boundaries of Life-as-It-Is.

Artificial life·2026

Same journal

System 0/1/2/3: Quad-Process Theory for Multitimescale Embodied Collective Cognitive Systems.

Artificial life·2025

Same journal

To Engineer an Angel, First Validate the Devil: Analyzing the "Could Be" in Artificial Life's "Life as-It-Could-Be".

Artificial life·2025

Same journal

Untapped Potential in Self-Optimization of Hopfield Networks: The Creativity of Unsupervised Learning.

Artificial life·2025

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

Codd's self-replicating computer.

¹tim.hutton@gmail.com

Artificial Life

|January 14, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers have successfully implemented Edgar Codd's 1968 self-replicating cellular automaton after correcting design flaws. This breakthrough enables universal construction and computation, overcoming previous size and specification challenges.

More Related Videos

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction

Published on: February 26, 2014

A Computer-assisted Multi-electrode Patch-clamp System

A Computer-assisted Multi-electrode Patch-clamp System

Published on: October 18, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction

Published on: February 26, 2014

A Computer-assisted Multi-electrode Patch-clamp System

A Computer-assisted Multi-electrode Patch-clamp System

Published on: October 18, 2013

Area of Science:

Theoretical Computer Science
Cellular Automata Theory
Artificial Life

Background:

Edgar Codd's 1968 design for a self-replicating cellular automaton remains unimplemented.
Significant challenges include its immense size and identified flaws in the original specification.

Purpose of the Study:

To address and correct the identified problems in Codd's original cellular automaton design.
To create a functional implementation of a universal constructor and computer based on Codd's principles.

Main Methods:

Identified and rectified four critical issues within Codd's 1968 specification.
Developed a complete and functioning implementation by making minor adjustments to the design and transition table.

Main Results:

A working implementation of Codd's self-replicating cellular automaton has been achieved.
The final machine comprises over 45 million nonzero cells, with a data tape of 208 million cells.
Self-replication is estimated to require a minimum of 1.7 x 10^18 time steps.

Conclusions:

The identified problems in Codd's design are correctable, validating the potential for universal construction and computation.
This implementation demonstrates the feasibility of Codd's theoretical machine, advancing the field of cellular automata.