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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection
05:32

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Published on: September 21, 2015

Prostate specific antigen decrease and prostate cancer diagnosis: antibiotic versus placebo prospective randomized

R M Stopiglia1, U Ferreira, M M Silva

  • 1Section of Urologic Oncology, Discipline of Urology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.

The Journal of Urology
|January 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prostate inflammation can elevate prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels, potentially masking prostate cancer. A study found that a decrease in PSA after antibiotics or placebo does not rule out cancer, emphasizing the need for biopsy.

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A New Technique for Treating Low-risk Prostate Cancer—Super Active Surveillance
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A New Technique for Treating Low-risk Prostate Cancer—Super Active Surveillance

Published on: November 7, 2025

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection
05:32

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Published on: September 21, 2015

A New Technique for Treating Low-risk Prostate Cancer—Super Active Surveillance
05:19

A New Technique for Treating Low-risk Prostate Cancer—Super Active Surveillance

Published on: November 7, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Prostate inflammation, specifically asymptomatic prostatitis, can increase serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels.
  • Elevated PSA due to inflammation complicates prostate cancer screening and diagnosis.
  • Current strategies for managing elevated PSA in prostatitis patients, such as observation or antibiotic treatment, remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of asymptomatic prostatitis on PSA levels and its effect on prostate cancer detection.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of ciprofloxacin versus placebo in reducing PSA levels in men with high PSA and prostatitis.
  • To determine if a decrease in PSA after treatment correlates with the absence of prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, double-blind trial involving 200 men aged 50-75 with PSA levels between 2.5-10 ng/dl.
  • 49% of participants were diagnosed with type IV prostatitis.
  • Patients received either ciprofloxacin or placebo for 4 weeks, followed by PSA measurement and transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant difference in PSA decrease was observed between the ciprofloxacin and placebo groups.
  • Approximately 53-59% of patients in both groups showed a decrease in PSA after treatment.
  • Prostate cancer was detected in 26.9% to 31% of patients regardless of treatment group.

Conclusions:

  • Asymptomatic prostatitis is common in men with elevated PSA, confounding screening.
  • A reduction in PSA levels following antibiotic or placebo treatment does not exclude the presence of prostate cancer.
  • Prostate biopsy remains essential for accurate diagnosis in men with elevated PSA, even after a decrease in levels.