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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
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Polarography is a classical voltammetric technique used to analyze electrochemical reactions. This method applies a linear potential sweep to a dropping mercury electrode (DME), and the resulting current is measured. A dropping mercury electrode is commonly used as the working electrode in polarography. It consists of a capillary tube filled with mercury, where the tiny droplet forms at the tip. This droplet continuously drops from the capillary, creating a new electrode surface for each...
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Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Visualization of Ambient Mass Spectrometry with the Use of Schlieren Photography
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Published on: June 20, 2016

Quantitative schlieren techniques applied to high current arc investigations.

U Kogelschatz, W R Schneider

    Applied Optics
    |February 2, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Quantitative schlieren techniques were applied to pulsed high current electric arcs. A new Abel inversion method and data analysis were developed for precise arc diagnostics, enabling density and temperature measurements.

    Area of Science:

    • Plasma physics
    • Optical diagnostics
    • Fluid dynamics

    Background:

    • Pulsed high current electric arcs generate complex plasma phenomena.
    • Quantitative analysis of arc properties requires advanced diagnostic techniques.
    • Existing methods often rely on approximations limiting accuracy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To apply and advance quantitative schlieren techniques for electric arc analysis.
    • To develop a novel Abel inversion formalism for improved accuracy.
    • To enable precise measurements of arc plasma density and temperature.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a new Abel inversion formalism without small angle approximation.
    • Implementation of rigorous numerical treatment for experimental data.

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  • Construction of a high-intensity pulsed argon laser for arc illumination.
  • Utilization of high-speed schlieren imaging.

    • Main Results:

    • A new, non-approximated Abel inversion method was derived.
    • Experimental data processing techniques were refined for quantitative analysis.
    • A powerful pulsed argon laser was successfully employed for arc imaging.
    • Quantitative density and temperature data were obtained near the arc.

    Conclusions:

    • Quantitative schlieren techniques are effective for pulsed arc diagnostics.
    • The new Abel inversion formalism enhances measurement accuracy.
    • The developed methods provide valuable insights into arc plasma characteristics.