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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice
05:32

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Published on: January 7, 2019

Bone disease in multiple myeloma.

Matthew T Drake1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. drake.matthew@mayo.edu

Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)
|February 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple myeloma causes bone damage, leading to pain and fractures in nearly all patients. While bisphosphonates help limit bone destruction, new molecular targets may offer future skeletal repair for myeloma bone disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematologic Malignancy
  • Bone Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy impacting the bone marrow.
  • Skeletal complications, including osteolytic lesions, are prevalent in multiple myeloma patients.
  • These complications significantly increase patient morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the skeletal complications associated with multiple myeloma.
  • To discuss the role of imaging in assessing disease impact.
  • To explore current and future therapeutic strategies for myeloma bone disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on multiple myeloma and skeletal complications.
  • Analysis of imaging modalities for skeletal assessment.
  • Discussion of bisphosphonate therapy and emerging molecular targets.

Main Results:

  • Osteolytic lesions are a frequent complication, causing pain, hypercalcemia, and fractures.
  • Skeletal imaging is crucial for diagnosis and monitoring disease progression.
  • Intravenous bisphosphonates improve quality of life by reducing osteolytic destruction.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple myeloma significantly affects skeletal health, necessitating comprehensive management.
  • Bisphosphonates are effective in limiting bone damage but do not repair existing lesions.
  • Understanding molecular targets offers promise for future treatments to repair myeloma bone disease.