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Related Concept Videos

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

Termination of Translation

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

Cleavage-induced termination in U2 snRNA gene expression.

Sadeq Nabavi¹, Ross N Nazar

¹Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G2W1.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

|February 16, 2010

Summary

RNase III-like endonuclease cleavage is crucial for U2 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) maturation and transcription termination in fission yeast. This process involves Pac1 endonuclease and Dhp1p exonuclease, supporting a "reversed torpedoes" model.

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

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Published on: September 15, 2021

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on (TRO) Approach

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on (TRO) Approach

Published on: March 12, 2017

3' End Sequencing Library Preparation with A-seq2

3' End Sequencing Library Preparation with A-seq2

Published on: October 10, 2017

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
RNA Biology
Gene Expression

Background:

Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) maturation relies on RNase III-like endonucleases for precursor processing.
Exosome complex recruitment for 3' end trimming is a key step in snRNA maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of endonuclease cleavage in U2 snRNA transcription termination.
To elucidate the function of Pac1 nuclease and Dhp1p exonuclease in U2 snRNA processing in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Main Methods:

Utilized a temperature-sensitive Pac1 nuclease to study endonuclease activity.
Employed a temperature-sensitive Dhp1p 5'-->3' exonuclease to assess its role in termination.
Investigated U2 snRNA processing and termination pathways in fission yeast.

Main Results:

Endonuclease cleavage by Pac1 is essential for terminating U2 snRNA transcription.
Dhp1p exonuclease is a critical component of the U2 snRNA termination pathway.
Demonstrated that Pac1 endonuclease cleavage facilitates 3' and 5' exonuclease entry for RNA maturation and termination.

Conclusions:

The findings support a "reversed torpedoes" model for U2 snRNA termination and maturation.
Pac1 endonuclease cleavage acts as a key regulatory step, coordinating RNA processing and transcript termination.