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Related Concept Videos

Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
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Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

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Albinism
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...

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Related Experiment Video

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Quantifying Abdominal Pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster
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Published on: June 1, 2017

Segmental pigmentation disorder.

M Hogeling1, I J Frieden

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of California, 1701 Divisadero St, 3rd Floor, Box 0316, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA. hogelingm@yahoo.ca

The British Journal of Dermatology
|February 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Segmental pigmentation disorder (SegPD) is a common pediatric skin condition. Most children with SegPD are healthy, presenting with hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation, often along the midline.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Dermatology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Segmental hypo- and hyperpigmentation disorder (SegPD) is a common pediatric dermatology issue with limited published data.
  • Understanding SegPD is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the spectrum of disease in SegPD.
  • To characterize the clinical presentation and associations of SegPD.
  • To clarify terminology for patterned pigmentation anomalies in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 39 pediatric patients diagnosed with SegPD.
  • Analysis of demographic and clinical features.
  • Assessment of extracutaneous abnormalities and their frequency.

Main Results:

  • Most patients (77%) presented with hyperpigmentation; 23% had hypopigmentation.
  • Lesions were predominantly on the torso (77%) and often midline-demarcated.
  • Extracutaneous abnormalities were rare (3/39) and their relation to SegPD uncertain.

Conclusions:

  • SegPD is a common pigmentary anomaly, with most affected children being otherwise healthy.
  • The term 'segmental pigmentation disorder' is proposed to describe midline-demarcated hypo-/hyperpigmentation.
  • Further research may clarify potential associations and refine diagnostic criteria.