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Related Concept Videos

Protein Dynamics in Living Cells01:19

Protein Dynamics in Living Cells

Different fluorescence-based techniques are used to study the protein dynamics in living cells. These techniques include FRAP, FRET, and PET.
Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a fluorescent-protein-based detection technique used to quantify protein movement rates within the cell. This method exposes a small portion of the cell to an intense laser beam. The laser beam causes permanent photobleaching of the fluorophore-tagged proteins in the exposed region. As the bleached...

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Related Experiment Video

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A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking
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Published on: January 3, 2018

DTI at long diffusion time improves fiber tracking.

Swati Rane1, Govind Nair, Timothy Q Duong

  • 1Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, USA.

NMR in Biomedicine
|February 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Longer diffusion times in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) significantly improve the tracking of thin white matter fibers. This advanced DTI technique enhances anatomical connectivity mapping in the brain.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) tractography is crucial for mapping brain connectivity.
  • Current DTI methods primarily track large white matter tracts.
  • Tracking smaller, less coherent fibers remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of long diffusion time (t(diff)) DTI for improved tracking of thin neural fibers.
  • To compare long t(diff) DTI with conventional short t(diff) DTI and double-spin echo (DSE) methods.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modified Stimulated Echo Acquisition Mode (STEAM) sequence on a 3T Siemens TRIO scanner.
  • Acquired DTI data with long t(diff) (48 ms and 192 ms) and short t(diff) (45 ms) using DSE.
  • Analyzed fractional anisotropy (FA), directional entropy, and probabilistic connectivity maps.

Main Results:

  • Long diffusion times significantly increased fractional anisotropy and tensor coherence.
  • The magnitude of the major eigenvector was larger with longer diffusion times.
  • Probabilistic connectivity maps revealed larger connected areas, including those in low anisotropy regions.
  • Fiber length increased by ~10% in callosal fibers and ~20% in internal capsule fibers.

Conclusions:

  • Long diffusion time DTI enhances the tract tracing of small, delicate white matter fibers.
  • This technique improves visualization in areas with low fractional anisotropy, such as white-grey matter interfaces.
  • Extended diffusion times offer a promising advancement for detailed central nervous system connectivity mapping.