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Published on: September 5, 2017
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in children: a study of 41 cases
Faten Tinsa1, Leila Essaddam, Zohra Fitouri
1Department of Pediatrics B of the Children's Hospital of Tunis.
La Tunisie Medicale
|March 2, 2010
Summary
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is common in children, often affecting lymph nodes, abdomen, and the central nervous system. Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent neurosensory and other long-term complications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) represents a significant portion of tuberculosis cases, with children exhibiting increased susceptibility.
- EPTB accounts for up to one-third of all tuberculosis diagnoses, particularly in pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To delineate the clinical characteristics of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in pediatric patients.
- To identify common sites of EPTB involvement and associated risk factors in children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 41 pediatric patients diagnosed with EPTB.
- Data collected from January 1995 to December 2007 at the Children Hospital of Tunis.
Main Results:
- EPTB comprised 57.9% of all tuberculosis cases in the study cohort.
- Peripheral lymphadenitis (34.1%), abdominal (26.8%), and central nervous system (17.1%) were the most frequent EPTB sites.
- A 4.7-month delay in diagnosis was observed, with neurosensory sequelae noted in 5 cases.
Conclusions:
- Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is a substantial component of pediatric tuberculosis, with lymph node, abdominal, and CNS involvement being most prevalent.
- Prompt diagnosis and intervention are essential to mitigate the risk of severe sequelae, such as neurosensory deficits, in pediatric EPTB.
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