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Ocular motility in thalidomide embryopathy.

M T Miller1, K Strömland

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois, Chicago Eye and Ear Infirmary 60612.

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Thalidomide embryopathy in adults is linked to a high prevalence of incomitant horizontal strabismus, particularly Duane syndrome. Other ophthalmologic findings include gaze palsies and aberrant lacrimation, often alongside facial nerve and ear anomalies.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Teratology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Thalidomide, a teratogenic drug, is known to cause birth defects when exposure occurs during early pregnancy.
  • Thalidomide embryopathy encompasses a range of congenital anomalies affecting various organ systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term ophthalmologic manifestations in adults with documented thalidomide embryopathy.
  • To identify the prevalence and types of ocular motility disorders associated with thalidomide exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective examination of 21 individuals aged 28-29 years with confirmed thalidomide embryopathy in Sweden.
  • Ophthalmologic assessment focusing on ocular alignment, eye movement limitations, and associated cranial nerve findings.

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Main Results:

  • High prevalence of incomitant horizontal strabismus, predominantly Duane syndrome, was observed.
  • Other findings included gaze paresis with abduction/adduction limitations, isolated abduction weakness, and inferior oblique under-action.
  • Aberrant lacrimation, facial nerve palsy, and ear anomalies frequently co-occurred with strabismus.

Conclusions:

  • Incomitant horizontal strabismus, especially Duane syndrome, is a significant long-term ophthalmologic sequela of thalidomide embryopathy.
  • The combination of ocular motility deficits with facial nerve and ear anomalies highlights the widespread impact of early thalidomide exposure.