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Related Concept Videos

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution
11:55

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution

Published on: August 16, 2016

Reversible gating controlled by enzymes at nanostructured interface.

Vera Bocharova1, Tsz Kin Tam, Jan Halámek

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, and NanoBio Laboratory (NABLAB), Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|March 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created a smart nanostructured interface that controls electrochemical reactions using enzymes and chemical signals. This interface adjusts its structure based on pH changes, enabling reversible control of the reactions.

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

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11:55

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10:36

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

Published on: April 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • * Biocatalysis and Nanotechnology
  • * Electrochemistry and Polymer Science

Background:

  • * Developing advanced materials for controlled chemical reactions is crucial.
  • * Enzyme-immobilization techniques are key for creating stable biocatalytic systems.
  • * Stimuli-responsive polymers offer tunable material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To architect a nanostructured biocatalytic interface for reversible electrochemical reaction control.
  • * To utilize immobilized enzymes for processing chemical signals.
  • * To link chemical signal detection to interfacial pH changes and polymer restructuring.

Main Methods:

  • * Fabrication of a nanostructured interface incorporating immobilized enzymes.
  • * Engineering stimuli-responsive polymers sensitive to pH variations.
  • * Monitoring electrochemical reactions gated by the interface's structural changes.

Main Results:

  • * Successfully architected a nanostructured biocatalytic interface.
  • * Demonstrated reversible gating of electrochemical reactions.
  • * Established a mechanism where chemical signals induce pH changes, leading to polymer restructuring and reaction switching.

Conclusions:

  • * The developed interface provides a novel platform for signal-responsive electrochemical systems.
  • * This technology enables precise, reversible control over electrochemical reactions via chemical inputs.
  • * Potential applications in biosensing, diagnostics, and smart materials.