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Directions of migration of bone marrow mononuclears after intracoronary transventricular injection
T Kh Fatkhudinov1, G A Slashcheva, G B Bol'shakova
1ReMeTeks Company, Moscow, Russia. fatkhudinov@iscct.ru
Insights
Mononuclear bone marrow cells injected into the heart migrate to the damaged scar zone. These cells likely differentiate into fibroblasts, not vascular or heart cells.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research
- Cell Therapy
Background:
- Myocardial infarction leads to significant tissue damage and heart dysfunction.
- Cell-based therapies are being explored for cardiac repair.
- Understanding cell migration and differentiation is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the migration patterns of mononuclear bone marrow cells after intracoronary injection.
- To determine the homing capabilities of these cells to damaged myocardial tissue.
- To assess the differentiation potential of transplanted cells within the heart.
Main Methods:
- Intracoronary transventricular injection of labeled mononuclear bone marrow cells in a rat model.
- Nonselective injection into the right and left coronary arteries.
- Detection and localization of labeled cells in cardiac and extra-cardiac tissues at various time points.
Main Results:
- Labeled cells were primarily detected within the scar zone of the damaged myocardium.
- Significant cell presence was observed in the spleen's red pulp, with solitary cells in the liver and lungs.
- In the heart, cells remained confined to the scar, surrounded by collagen, suggesting fibroblast differentiation; no cardiomyocyte or vascular cell differentiation was observed.
Conclusions:
- Mononuclear bone marrow cells exhibit homing to the infarcted myocardium.
- Transplanted cells predominantly differentiate into fibroblasts within the cardiac scar.
- Further research is needed to explore alternative cell sources or strategies for cardiomyocyte or vascular cell regeneration.
Abstract:
Directions of migration of mononuclear bone marrow cells after intracoronary transventricular injection procedure developed by us were experimentally studied. After nonselective injection of cells into the right and left coronary arteries in rats, the labeled cells were detected only in the damaged zone of the myocardium. Localization of transplanted mononuclears in the scar attests to their homing into the damaged zone. Numerous cells were found in the red pulp of the spleen and solitary cells were detected in the liver and lungs. In the heart, the labeled transplanted cells were detected only in the scar zone at all terms of the study; they were not incorporated into the vascular walls, but were surrounded by thick bundles of collagen fibers and probably underwent differentiation into fibroblasts. No data on possible differentiation of the transplanted cells into vascular cells or cardiomyocytes were obtained.
