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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

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The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
Microtubules in Signaling01:22

Microtubules in Signaling

The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...
Muscles of the Eye01:20

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The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and rotating...

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Observation of the Ciliary Movement of Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells Ex Vivo
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Published on: July 13, 2015

The ciliary membrane.

Rajat Rohatgi1, William J Snell

  • 1Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. rrohatgi@stanford.edu

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|April 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cilia and flagella rely on a basal barrier to maintain distinct membrane compositions, crucial for signaling in development and disease. This review explores structures like the ciliary necklace and pocket that form this essential barrier.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Cilia and flagella are vital signaling hubs in development and disease.
  • Their function depends on a unique ciliary membrane composition, distinct from the plasma membrane.
  • A poorly understood basal barrier regulates this membrane distinction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current models of ciliary membrane biogenesis.
  • To highlight structures involved in forming the basal barrier.
  • To discuss the importance of regulated membrane transport across this barrier.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ciliary membrane biogenesis models.
  • Analysis of structural components contributing to the basal barrier.
  • Discussion of protein and lipid transport mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The ciliary membrane is distinct from the plasma membrane due to a basal barrier.
  • Structures such as the ciliary necklace and ciliary pocket are implicated in barrier formation.
  • Regulated movement of proteins and lipids across the barrier is essential for ciliary function.

Conclusions:

  • The basal barrier is critical for establishing and maintaining ciliary membrane identity.
  • Understanding barrier components and dynamics is key to understanding cilia and flagella function.
  • Disruptions in this barrier may contribute to various diseases.