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Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted primarily by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. After transmission through a mosquito bite, the virus initially replicates in skin-resident immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. These cells then migrate to the lymph nodes, where viral replication increases, eventually leading to...
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A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
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A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

Dengue in infants: an overview.

Amita Jain1, Umesh C Chaturvedi

  • 1Department of Microbiology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India.

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology
|April 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Dengue virus (DV) infection can cause severe dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS), especially in infants, even during primary infection. This review highlights the unique challenges and need for further research into infant dengue pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Dengue virus (DV) infection presents as dengue fever or severe dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS).
  • DHF/DSS is typically caused by secondary heterotypic DV infection in children and adults, but primary DV infection can also cause DHF/DSS in infants.
  • Infants face a higher mortality risk from DHF/DSS, with vertical transmission of DV and anti-DV IgG contributing to disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing knowledge on dengue virus infection in infants.
  • To highlight the unique challenges in studying DHF/DSS pathogenesis in infants.
  • To emphasize the need for focused research on dengue in this age group.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on dengue virus infection in infants.

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  • Analysis of age-related confounding factors in infant dengue pathogenesis.
  • Synthesis of current understanding and identification of research gaps.

    • Main Results:

    • Primary DV infection poses a significant risk for DHF/DSS in infants.
    • Infant dengue presents unique pathogenetic complexities due to factors like vertical transmission.
    • Dengue in infants is understudied due to practical research limitations.

    Conclusions:

    • Infant dengue, particularly DHF/DSS, represents a critical area requiring focused investigation.
    • Understanding the specific pathogenesis in infants is crucial for improving clinical outcomes.
    • Further research is essential to address the challenges and magnitude of DHF/DSS in infants.