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[Microcephaly diagnosed during pregnancy].

Shiri Stoler-Poria¹, Avraham Schweiger, Tally Lerman-Sagie

¹Department of Behavioral Sciences, Academic College of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel.

|April 29, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Microcephaly, a condition of small head circumference, is difficult to diagnose prenatally. Postnatal diagnosis shows a clear correlation between head size and developmental disabilities risk.

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Area of Science:

Medical Science
Pediatrics
Neurology

Context:

Microcephaly is defined as a head circumference more than two standard deviations below the norm.
Its incidence at birth is estimated between 1:6250 and 1:8500.
Prenatal diagnosis, especially for primary microcephaly, is challenging before the third trimester.

Purpose:

To define microcephaly and explore its association with intellectual disabilities.
To emphasize the importance of prenatal diagnosis of microcephaly.
To provide clarity on the prognosis of microcephaly diagnosed during pregnancy.

Summary:

Microcephaly can be isolated (primary microcephaly) or associated with central nervous system (CNS) and non-CNS pathologies.
While prenatal diagnosis is difficult, postnatal head circumference correlates with developmental disability risk: 11% at -2SD, 50-75% at -3SD, and 100% at -4SD.
The review highlights the need for better understanding and prenatal diagnostic capabilities.

Impact:

Improves understanding of microcephaly and its link to intellectual disabilities.
Aids healthcare providers in counseling patients regarding prenatal microcephaly diagnoses.
Highlights the need for further research into prenatal diagnostic methods and prognosis.