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Related Concept Videos

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation01:10

Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation

Signal processing techniques are essential for accurately converting continuous signals to digital formats and vice versa. When a continuous signal is sampled with a period T, the resulting sampled signal exhibits replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain, spaced at intervals equal to the sampling frequency. To handle this sampled signal, a zero-order hold method can be applied, which creates a piecewise constant signal by retaining each sample's value until the next sampling...
Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
Patch Clamp01:18

Patch Clamp

Many fundamental cell functions such as muscle contraction and nerve transmission rely on the electrical signals produced by the movement of positively and negatively charged ions across the cell membrane. One competent method to record current flowing across the whole cell or single ion channel is the patch-clamp technique.
In this method, a glass micropipette containing electrolyte solution is tightly sealed against a small portion of the cell membrane. As a result, a patch of the cell...

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Focal Macropatch Recordings of Synaptic Currents from the Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction
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Synthesizing MR Contrast and Resolution through a Patch Matching Technique.

Snehashis Roy1, Aaron Carass, Jerry L Prince

  • 1Image Analysis and Communications Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.

Proceedings of Spie--The International Society for Optical Engineering
|May 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel method to generate various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrasts and resolutions from a single T1-weighted image. This technique overcomes lengthy acquisition times, enhancing neuroimaging analysis for clinical and neuroscience applications.

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Published on: October 31, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Computer Vision

Background:

  • High-resolution magnetic resonance neuroimaging (MRI) is crucial for clinical and neuroscience tasks like registration and segmentation.
  • Limited by lengthy acquisition times, obtaining multiple MRI contrasts at high resolution is often impractical.
  • This limitation restricts detailed data analysis opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for altering MRI resolution and tissue contrast from a single acquired image.
  • To generate diverse MR contrasts (T2, PD, FLAIR) from a T1-weighted image.
  • To overcome limitations imposed by lengthy MRI acquisition protocols.

Main Methods:

  • An example-based approach using patch matching from a multi-resolution, multi-contrast atlas was employed.
  • The method modifies both the resolution and MR tissue contrast of an input image.
  • The technique transforms images from one pulse sequence to another.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the successful generation of T2, PD, and FLAIR contrasts from a single T1-weighted image.
  • Validated the approach on both phantom and real neuroimaging data.
  • The method effectively changes image resolution and MR tissue contrast.

Conclusions:

  • The described patch-matching technique offers a viable solution to generate diverse MR contrasts and resolutions.
  • This approach can significantly enhance the utility of neuroimaging data without requiring additional acquisition time.
  • It holds promise for improving clinical and neuroscience research by maximizing information from single MRI scans.