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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Setup of Capillary Electrophoresis-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (CE-ICP-MS) for Quantification of Iron Redox Species (Fe(II), Fe(III))
Published on: May 4, 2020
New method for simultaneous determination of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in water using flow injection technique
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland. janiszew@chemia.uj.edu.pl
This study introduces a novel flow injection gradient titration method for accurately determining iron(II) and iron(III) concentrations. The technique uses spectrophotometric detection and provides precise measurements for water sample analysis.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Environmental Chemistry
Background:
- Accurate determination of iron species (Fe(II) and Fe(III)) is crucial for water quality assessment.
- Existing methods may lack the precision or speed required for routine analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a new flow injection gradient titration method for simultaneous determination of Fe(II) and Fe(III).
- To apply the developed method for analyzing iron concentrations in real-world water samples.
Main Methods:
- Utilized flow injection gradient titration with spectrophotometric detection.
- Employed a titrant (EDTA) and a mixture of indicators (sulfosalicylic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline).
- Analyzed absorbance changes at 530 nm to quantify Fe(II) and Fe(III) based on peak characteristics.
Main Results:
- Achieved high precision with relative standard deviations (RSD) below 0.8% for Fe(II) and 2.5% for Fe(III).
- Demonstrated good accuracy with relative errors below 3.2% for Fe(II) and 5.1% for Fe(III).
- Successfully applied the method to analyze iron in artesian well water samples.
Conclusions:
- The developed flow injection method offers a precise and accurate approach for determining Fe(II) and Fe(III) in water.
- This technique is suitable for routine analysis and environmental monitoring applications.
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