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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Unit Cells01:18

Unit Cells

A crystal's internal structure is an orderly array of atoms, ions, or molecules, and the details of this array significantly influence the solid's properties. In a crystal, periodically repeating 'structural motifs' - which could be atoms, molecules, or groups thereof - create a 'space lattice.' This is essentially a three-dimensional, infinite array of points, each surrounded by its neighbors in an identical way, forming the basic structure of the crystal.A 'unit cell' is a theoretical...
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...

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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

Nanostructured liquid crystals combining ionic and electronic functions.

Sanami Yazaki1, Masahiro Funahashi, Junko Kagimoto

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New liquid crystals with ionic and electronic functions were developed. These self-organized materials exhibit unique electrochromic redox behaviors in layered nanostructures.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Development of advanced molecular materials with combined ionic and electronic properties is crucial for next-generation devices.
  • Liquid crystals offer unique self-assembly and nanostructuring capabilities for functional materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel liquid crystalline materials integrating terthiophene-based mesogens with imidazolium ionic groups.
  • To investigate the self-assembly behavior and electrochromic properties of these nanostructured ionic liquid crystals.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of terthiophene-based liquid crystals with terminal imidazolium moieties.
  • Thermotropic phase behavior analysis (smectic A phases).
  • Electrochemical characterization (cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry) and electrochromic response evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Nanosegregation of pi-conjugated mesogens and ionic moieties formed layered liquid-crystalline structures with 2D pathways.
  • Compound 1 exhibited reversible electrochromic responses in its smectic A phase without external electrolyte.
  • Compounds 2 and 3 showed distinct, partially irreversible electrochromic behaviors, which were modulated by using PEDOT-PSS layers.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates the successful design of self-organized molecular redox systems using pi-conjugated liquid crystals with imidazolium groups.
  • Nanostructured ionic liquid crystals offer a versatile platform for developing efficient electrochromic materials.
  • Tailoring molecular structure and electrode interfaces allows for control over electrochromic performance.