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Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

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Transformational plasmon optics.

Yongmin Liu¹, Thomas Zentgraf, Guy Bartal

¹NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), 3112 Etcheverry Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

|May 15, 2010

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We demonstrate molding surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) using transformation optics. This method allows precise control of SPP propagation on curved surfaces, enabling practical nano-optics and downscaled photonic circuits.

Area of Science:

Photonics and Nanotechnology
Optics and Electromagnetic Theory

Background:

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are electromagnetic waves confined to metal-dielectric interfaces.
SPPs offer sub-diffraction limit light manipulation but are sensitive to surface imperfections.
Transformation optics provides a framework for controlling wave propagation through material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate efficient molding of SPPs using transformation optics.
To enable SPP propagation along uneven and curved surfaces with minimal loss.
To present practical designs for nanoscale photonic components.

Main Methods:

Utilizing transformation optics principles to design dielectric environments around metal surfaces.
Controlling local dielectric properties to guide SPP propagation.

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Simulating and fabricating plasmonic structures with tailored material properties.

Main Results:

Successfully molded SPP propagation using transformation optics.
Achieved SPP propagation on uneven and curved surfaces across a broad wavelength range.
Demonstrated a plasmonic 180-degree waveguide bend and a Luneburg lens with simple designs.

Conclusions:

Transformation optics offers a practical method for routing light at the nanoscale.
The proposed approach overcomes scattering losses on non-planar surfaces.
This work paves the way for advanced nano-optics and miniaturized photonic circuits.