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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire01:27

Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire

Consider an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current I. The magnetic field at point P at a distance a from the origin can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires01:18

Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires

Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.
Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor01:25

Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor

Moving charges experience a force in a magnetic field. Since the magnetic fields produced by moving charges are proportional to the current, a conductor carrying a current creates a magnetic field around it.
Consider a compass placed near a current-carrying wire. The wire experiences a force that aligns the needle of the compass tangentially around the wire. Thus, the current-carrying wire produces concentric circular loops of magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by a wire can be...
Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example01:22

Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example

In a magnetic field, moving charges encounter a force. If a wire contains these moving charges, i.e., if the wire is carrying a current, then a force acts on the wire as well. Consider a pair of flexible leads holding a wire that is 40 cm long and 10 g in weight in a horizontal position. The wire is placed in a constant magnetic field of 0.40 T, as shown in Figure 1(a). Determine the magnitude and direction of the current flowing in the wire needed to remove the tension in the supporting leads.
Magnetic Force01:18

Magnetic Force

In addition to the electric forces between electric charges, moving electric charges exert magnetic forces on each other. A magnetic field is created by a moving charge or a group of moving charges known as the electric current. A magnetic force is experienced by a second current or moving charge in response to this magnetic field. Fundamentally, interactions between moving electrons in the atoms of two bodies produce magnetic forces between them.
The magnetic force acting on a moving charge...

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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Published on: August 2, 2019

Quantized magnetic confinement in quantum wires.

A Tarasov1, S Hugger, Hengyi Xu

  • 1Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|May 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We observed an asymmetric magnetoconductance peak in ballistic quantum wires subjected to magnetic fields. This behavior, featuring quantized steps and resonances, arises from magnetic confinement effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum transport phenomena

Background:

  • Ballistic quantum wires exhibit unique electronic properties.
  • Perpendicular magnetic fields can influence quantum transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the magnetoconductance of ballistic quantum wires under specific magnetic field profiles.
  • To understand the role of inhomogeneous magnetic fields in quantum confinement.

Main Methods:

  • Applying longitudinal profiles of perpendicular magnetic fields (spike and homogeneous components) to ballistic quantum wires.
  • Measuring magnetoconductance as a function of the homogeneous magnetic field.

Main Results:

  • An asymmetric magnetoconductance peak was observed.
  • Quantized conductance steps appeared when magnetic field polarities were identical.
  • A characteristic shoulder with resonances emerged at opposite polarities.

Conclusions:

  • The observed magnetoconductance asymmetry is attributed to inhomogeneous diamagnetic shifts.
  • These shifts lead to effective magnetic confinement of quantum wire modes.