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Related Concept Videos

Colonisation of Pathogens01:25

Colonisation of Pathogens

Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
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Cleaning
The cleaning process usually involves using water with detergents or enzymatic cleaner and removing foreign material from objects and surfaces, including organic material such as body fluids or inorganic material like soil. Cleaning is performed before high-level disinfection and sterilization because foreign materials on the cover of the devices interfere with process...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Infection01:20

Infection

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Decolonization therapy in infection control.

Courtney Hebert1, Ari Robicsek

  • 1University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|May 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patient decolonization effectively prevents infections from central lines and in cardiac/orthopedic surgery. More research is needed to confirm its benefits in other hospital settings for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Surgical Infections

Background:

  • Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a significant cause of mortality and healthcare costs.
  • Many HAIs stem from patients' endogenous flora, making decolonization a key prevention strategy.
  • This review synthesizes recent evidence (2008-present) on patient decolonization for HAI prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of patient decolonization strategies for preventing HAIs.
  • To identify specific patient populations and infection types where decolonization is most beneficial.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published literature from 2008 to the present.
  • Focused on studies investigating patient decolonization for preventing surgical site infections (SSIs), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and bloodstream infections (BSIs).

Main Results:

  • Staphylococcus aureus decolonization is effective for preventing SSIs in cardiac and orthopedic surgery.
  • Evidence for decolonization benefits in general surgery SSIs and VAP in medical/surgical ICUs is unclear or lacking.
  • Mupirocin at hemodialysis catheter exit sites prevents BSIs; chlorhexidine and selective digestive tract decontamination roles are under investigation.
  • Limited evidence supports MRSA-specific decolonization for non-surgical patients.

Conclusions:

  • Patient decolonization is a likely effective infection control strategy for hemodialysis catheter-associated infections and in cardiac and orthopedic surgery.
  • Further research is required to establish the role of decolonization in other clinical settings and for different types of HAIs.