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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
10:19

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Published on: November 16, 2016

Adherence to perinatal group B streptococcal prevention guidelines.

William P Goins1, Thomas R Talbot, William Schaffner

  • 1From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; the Department of Medicine, Divisions of Infectious Diseases and General Internal Medicine and Public Health, and the Departments of Preventive Medicine and Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Vaccine Research Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; the Tennessee Department of Health, Communicable and Environmental Disease Services, Nashville, Tennessee; and the Respiratory Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|May 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Compliance with group B streptococci (GBS) screening guidelines in Tennessee was widespread but often suboptimal in timing. Despite screening, early-onset GBS disease persists, indicating a need for alternative prevention strategies like vaccination.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatal Health
  • Infectious Disease Prevention

Background:

  • The 2002 revised guidelines recommend universal prenatal screening for group B streptococci (GBS) and intrapartum chemoprophylaxis.
  • Adherence to these guidelines is crucial for preventing early-onset GBS disease in newborns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate compliance with the 2002 perinatal GBS prevention guidelines in Tennessee.
  • To assess the rates of GBS screening and intrapartum chemoprophylaxis administration.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective case-cohort study was conducted in 11 Tennessee counties.
  • Data from live births between 2003-2004, including early-onset GBS cases, were analyzed.
  • Logistic regression identified factors associated with screening and chemoprophylaxis adherence.

Main Results:

  • 84.7% of pregnant women underwent GBS screening, but 26.3% were screened before 35 weeks gestation.
  • Optimal chemoprophylaxis was administered to 61.2% of women with an indication (70.9% if admitted ≥4 hours before delivery).
  • Factors associated with suboptimal prophylaxis included penicillin allergy and preterm delivery; 25% of early-onset GBS cases occurred despite appropriate screening and prophylaxis.

Conclusions:

  • Universal GBS screening was widely adopted in Tennessee, but screening timing and chemoprophylaxis administration were frequently suboptimal.
  • A significant burden of early-onset GBS disease persists, highlighting the need for complementary prevention strategies such as vaccination.