Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 12, 2026
09:32
Time-Resolved, Dynamic Computed Tomography Angiography for Characterization of Aortic Endoleaks and Treatment Guidance via 2D-3D Fusion-Imaging
Published on: December 9, 2021
Aortic coarctation by cardiovascular CT angiography
Ambarish Gopal1, Lee Loewinger, Matthew J Budoff
1Division of Cardiology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California 90502, USA.
Summary
This study highlights a low-radiation chest CT angiography protocol for diagnosing coarctation of the aorta in a pediatric patient. The advanced imaging technique successfully identified aortic coarctation and associated vascular anomalies.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Radiology
Background:
- Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart defect requiring accurate diagnosis.
- Computed tomographic (CT) angiography is a key imaging modality for evaluating aortic anomalies.
- Minimizing radiation dose in pediatric CT is crucial for patient safety.
Observation:
- A 12-year-old boy underwent prospectively gated step-and-shoot chest CT angiography.
- Low-dose CT parameters were employed: 80 kVp, 120 mA, and prospective gating.
- Imaging covered the chest from the sternal notch to the liver.
Findings:
- A total coarctation of the descending aorta was diagnosed.
- Dilated ascending aorta (43 mm diameter) and extensive collateral circulation were observed.
- Enlarged internal mammary arteries (7 mm diameter) were noted.
Implications:
- This low-radiation CT angiography protocol effectively visualizes coarctation of the aorta in children.
- The findings demonstrate the utility of advanced CT techniques for pediatric cardiovascular assessment.
- Reduced radiation exposure is achievable without compromising diagnostic image quality for aortic anomalies.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
01:21Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
01:28Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
01:15Thoracic Aorta
The thoracic section of the aorta begins at the T5 vertebra and extends to the T12 level at the diaphragm, initially progressing through the mediastinum to the left of the spinal column. Throughout its course in the thoracic segment, the thoracic aorta emits various offshoots known collectively as visceral and parietal branches. The branches that predominantly supply blood to visceral organs are termed visceral branches and include bronchial, pericardial, esophageal, and mediastinal arteries,...
01:25Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT
Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
01:30Aneurysm I: Introduction
An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...