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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

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Published on: September 7, 2018

Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA).

¹Department of Microbiology, The Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|June 1, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) enables quantitative antigen determination. This immunological method uses antibody-adsorbed plates to detect and quantify specific antigens in samples via an enzyme-linked antibody conjugate.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Biochemistry
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Traditional immunological methods often lack quantitative precision for antigen analysis.
Accurate antigen quantification is crucial in various biological and medical research fields.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) as a quantitative method for antigen determination.
To explain the principle and steps involved in the ELISA technique.

Main Methods:

ELISA, also known as the double antibody sandwich technique, utilizes antibodies immobilized on a solid support (e.g., microtiter plate).
Antigen in the sample binds to the immobilized antibodies, followed by detection with an enzyme-labeled antibody conjugate.
A colorimetric substrate is added, and the intensity of the color produced is proportional to the antigen concentration.

Main Results:

ELISA provides a quantitative or semi-quantitative measure of antigen concentration.
The method allows for sensitive detection of specific antigens.

Conclusions:

ELISA is a well-established and effective immunological technique for accurate antigen quantification.
The enzyme-linked detection system in ELISA allows for sensitive and measurable results.