[Appendiceal carcinoid tumors and goblet cell carcinoids]

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Context:

• Appendiceal carcinoid tumors (CAT) and goblet cell carcinoids (GCCAT) are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms.
• These tumors are often found incidentally after appendectomy due to being asymptomatic.
• Metastatic potential exists, with regional node involvement in 10% of CATs >2cm and ovarian/peritoneal metastases in 20% of GCCATs.

Purpose:

• To summarize the characteristics, metastatic potential, and management strategies for appendiceal carcinoid tumors (CAT) and goblet cell carcinoids (GCCAT).
• To outline treatment options for non-resectable CAT and GCCATs.
• To establish follow-up guidelines for patients diagnosed with these rare appendiceal neoplasms.

Summary:

• Appendiceal carcinoid tumors (CAT) and goblet cell carcinoids (GCCAT) are uncommon, frequently discovered post-appendectomy.
• Metastases occur in a subset of CATs (>2cm) and GCCATs, necessitating consideration for surgical and systemic treatments.
• Non-resectable CATs are managed with therapies like interferon-alpha or somatostatin analogs, while GCCATs are treated akin to colorectal cancer.

Impact:

• Highlights the importance of recognizing rare appendiceal neoplasms.
• Provides guidance on treatment selection for non-resectable cases.
• Emphasizes the need for lifelong surveillance in specific patient groups with CAT and GCCAT.