Evolution of endoscopic skull base surgery, current concepts, and future perspectives.

Area of Science:

• Minimally Invasive Surgery
• Neurosurgery
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Endoscopic techniques have transformed surgical specialties, offering minimally invasive alternatives to open procedures.
• The endoscope's ability to access internal body areas has driven innovation across medicine.
• Otolaryngology and neurosurgery have particularly benefited from endoscopic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evolution of endoscopic skull base surgery and expanded endonasal approaches.
• To highlight key historical developments and current concepts in the field.
• To discuss complications and future prospects for endoscopic skull base surgery.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of historical landmarks and current research in endoscopic skull base surgery.
• Analysis of the impact of endoscopic techniques on otolaryngology and neurosurgery.
• Discussion of advancements in surgical techniques and technology.

Main Results:

• Endoscopic techniques have led to a revolution in specific surgical fields, notably otolaryngology and neurosurgery.
• Expanded endonasal approaches represent a significant advancement in minimally invasive skull base surgery.
• The field continues to evolve with ongoing research in techniques and technology.

Conclusions:

• Endoscopic skull base surgery and expanded endonasal approaches represent a paradigm shift in neurosurgery and otolaryngology.
• Continued research and technological development promise further advancements in minimally invasive surgical outcomes.
• Understanding historical context, current practices, and potential complications is crucial for future progress.