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Changes in landing mechanics after cold-water immersion
He Wang1, Michael M Toner, Thomas J Lemonda
1School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science at Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA. hwang2@bsu.edu
Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport
|June 10, 2010
Summary
Cold-water immersion affects landing mechanics. Medium and high levels reduce ankle impact absorption, while high levels increase trunk flexion to dissipate landing forces.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Exercise Physiology
- Sports Science
Background:
- Drop-landing is a common biomechanical task.
- Cold-water immersion is used for recovery, but its effect on landing mechanics is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of cold-water immersion (CWI) on kinematics and kinetics during a drop-landing task.
- To determine the effects of varying immersion depths (ankle, knee, hip) on landing mechanics.
Main Methods:
- Nine male participants performed drop-landings from a 0.6-m platform onto a force plate.
- Participants underwent four conditions: thermoneutral water (control), and cold water immersion to the ankle, knee, or hip.
- Sagittal plane kinematics and kinetics were analyzed using a one-way repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance.
Main Results:
- Low-level CWI (ankle) showed no significant difference in joint mechanics compared to the control.
- Medium-level CWI (knee) resulted in 26% less ankle mechanical work (p = .003).
- High-level CWI (hip) led to 9% less vertical ground reaction force (p = .025), 23% less ankle mechanical work (p = .023), and 18% greater trunk flexion (p = .024).
Conclusions:
- Low-level CWI does not appear to affect drop-landing mechanics.
- Medium and high-level CWI reduce impact absorption at the ankle during landing.
- Increased trunk flexion in high-level CWI may serve as a compensatory strategy to dissipate landing impact forces.
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