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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
1Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy. claudiu.supuran@unifi.it
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
|June 10, 2010
Summary
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are vital enzymes with diverse applications. Inhibitors targeting these enzymes show promise for treating various diseases and understanding drug interactions.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Enzymology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ubiquitous enzymes catalyzing CO2 hydration.
- CA inhibition is a validated therapeutic strategy, notably for glaucoma and as diuretics.
- Emerging applications for CA inhibitors (CAIs) include anticonvulsants, antiobesity, antipain, and antitumor agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diverse roles and inhibition of carbonic anhydrases across various organisms.
- To highlight novel chemotypes and applications of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
- To underscore the potential of CAIs in drug development and molecular interaction studies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of carbonic anhydrase research.
- Analysis of established and novel carbonic anhydrase inhibitor classes.
- Exploration of CA inhibition in pathogenic organisms and potential therapeutic targets.
Main Results:
- Carbonic anhydrases are found across all domains of life, with 13 alpha-CA isoforms in mammals.
- CAIs are effective against various targets, including pathogenic protozoa, fungi, and bacteria.
- Novel CAI chemotypes like coumarins, phenols, and fullerenes have been identified.
Conclusions:
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors represent a promising class of therapeutic agents.
- Targeting diverse CA isozymes offers potential for novel drug development.
- Further research into CAIs can advance our understanding of enzyme-drug interactions.
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