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Microgap between zirconia abutments and titanium implants.

Sebastien Baixe1, Gabriel Fauxpoint, Youri Arntz

  • 1School of Dnetal Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics, Louis Pasteur University, Strasbourg, France.

The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
|June 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study evaluated the microgap between zirconia abutments and titanium implants, finding all systems had a mean gap under 2 micrometers. Zirconia abutments showed a precise fit, potentially improving biologic and biomechanical outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Implant Dentistry

Background:

  • The marginal microgap between implant abutments and dental implants is a critical factor influencing peri-implant tissue health.
  • Zirconia abutments are increasingly used as an alternative to titanium due to their esthetic and biocompatibility properties.
  • Understanding the fit accuracy of different zirconia abutment systems is essential for optimizing clinical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess the in vitro marginal microgap between four different zirconia abutment systems and their corresponding titanium implants.
  • To compare the microgap dimensions among the evaluated zirconia abutment systems.
  • To investigate the influence of the connection interface on the microgap formation.

Main Methods:

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  • Four commercially available zirconia abutment systems (Procera, Cercon Balance Anterior, ZirDesign, Straumann Cares) were evaluated.
  • Five assemblies per system were prepared, embedded in epoxy, sectioned longitudinally, and polished.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to measure the marginal microgap along the abutment-implant interface at high magnification.

Main Results:

  • The overall mean marginal microgap across all tested systems was 0.89 micrometers.
  • Significant differences in microgap size were found between the systems, ranging from 0.38 micrometers (Cercon Balance Anterior) to 1.83 micrometers (Procera).
  • Microgaps were consistently larger at the outer region compared to the inner regions of the connection.

Conclusions:

  • All evaluated zirconia abutment systems demonstrated a mean marginal microgap below 2 micrometers, indicating a precise fit.
  • The microgap size varied significantly among the tested systems, with internal connection systems exhibiting smaller gaps than flat-to-flat systems.
  • The reduced microgaps observed with zirconia abutments compared to historical data for titanium abutments suggest potential for improved biologic and biomechanical performance in implant dentistry.