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Related Concept Videos

Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Electromagnetic Waves

James Clerk Maxwell formulated a single theory combining all the electric and magnetic effects scientists knew during that time, calling the phenomena his theory predicted “Electromagnetic waves”. He brought together all the work that had been done by brilliant physicists such as Oersted, Coulomb, Gauss, and Faraday and added his own insights to develop the overarching theory of electromagnetism. Maxwell’s equations, combined with the Lorentz force law, encompass all the laws of electricity and...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
Electromagnetic Waves in Matter01:30

Electromagnetic Waves in Matter

Electromagnetic waves can travel in the vacuum as well as in matter. For example light, which is an electromagnetic wave, can travel through air, water, or glass.
Consider the electromagnetic wave passing through a dielectric medium. In such a case, Maxwell's equations get modified. In Ampere's law, ε0 , the dielectric permittivity of free space is replaced with ε, the permittivity of dielectric. Also, the vacuum permeability μ0 is replaced by the permeability of the medium, μ.
Furthermore, the...
Plane Electromagnetic Waves I01:30

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I

The existence of combined electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space as electromagnetic (EM) waves is the most significant prediction of Maxwell's equations. As Maxwell's equations hold in free space, the predicted electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for their propagation. An EM wave comprises an electric field, defined as the force per charge on a stationary charge, and a magnetic field, which is the force per charge on a moving charge.
The EM field is assumed to be a...
Standing Electromagnetic Waves01:15

Standing Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves can be reflected; the surface of a conductor or a dielectric can act as a reflector. As electric and magnetic fields obey the superposition principle, so do electromagnetic waves. The superposition of an incident wave and a reflected electromagnetic wave produces a standing wave analogous to the standing waves created on a stretched string.
Suppose a sheet of a perfect conductor is placed in the yz-plane, and a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave traveling in the...

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Microparticle Manipulation by Standing Surface Acoustic Waves with Dual-frequency Excitations
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Published on: August 21, 2018

Modulation of surface electromagnetic waves.

D L Begley, E Andideh

    Applied Optics
    |June 22, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Surface-enhanced waves (SEW) on semiconductors can be modulated by electric fields. This study analyzes a novel modulator device for electrooptic functions, paving the way for new optical technologies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Semiconductor Physics
    • Nanophotonics

    Background:

    • Surface-enhanced waves (SEW) propagate on semiconductor materials.
    • SEW modification by external fields suggests potential for electrooptic devices.
    • Existing technologies lack efficient SEW-based modulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze a novel modulator device for electrooptic functions.
    • To investigate the modification of SEW in response to an applied electric field.
    • To demonstrate the feasibility of SEW-based electrooptic modulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of SEW propagation.
    • Device design for electric field interaction with SEW.
    • Simulation of modulator response to applied voltage.

    Main Results:

    • Initial analysis confirms SEW modifiability by electric fields.
    • The proposed modulator design shows potential for electrooptic modulation.
    • Quantitative performance metrics of the modulator are presented.

    Conclusions:

    • SEW propagation on semiconductors is a viable platform for electrooptic devices.
    • The analyzed modulator represents a promising step towards practical SEW-based optical modulation.
    • Further research can optimize device performance for integrated photonics.