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Generating Electromagnetic Radiations

Generating Electromagnetic Radiations

The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in the...

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

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A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...

Electromagnetic Fields

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Electric fields generated by static charges, often referred to as electrostatic fields, are characteristically different from electric fields created by time-varying magnetic fields. While the former is a conservative field, implying that no net work is done on a test charge if it goes around in a complete loop in the field, the latter is, by definition, not a conservative field; net work is done, and it is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.
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Plane Electromagnetic Waves I

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The existence of combined electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space as electromagnetic (EM) waves is the most significant prediction of Maxwell's equations. As Maxwell's equations hold in free space, the predicted electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for their propagation. An EM wave comprises an electric field, defined as the force per charge on a stationary charge, and a magnetic field, which is the force per charge on a moving charge.
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Consider a plane wavefront traveling in position x-direction with a constant speed. This wavefront can be utilized to obtain the relationship between electric and magnetic fields with the help of Faraday's law.

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Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Experimental generating the partially coherent and partially polarized electromagnetic source.

Andrey S Ostrovsky¹, Gustavo Rodríguez-Zurita, Cruz Meneses-Fabián

¹Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72000, México. andreyo@fcfm.buap.mx

|July 1, 2010

Summary

A novel, simple technique generates partially coherent and polarized light from a fully coherent laser source. This method

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Laser Physics
Coherence Theory

Background:

Partially coherent and partially polarized light sources are crucial in various optical applications.
Existing methods for generating such sources can be complex and difficult to implement.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and analyze a new, simplified technique for generating partially coherent and partially polarized light.
To demonstrate the efficiency of this technique through experimental validation.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a completely coherent and polarized laser source as the starting point.
Implementing a novel physical method for modifying the source's coherence and polarization properties.
Employing an original experimental technique to characterize the generated source's properties.

Main Results:

Successful generation of a partially coherent and partially polarized light source.
Experimental verification of the source's modified coherence and polarization characteristics.
Demonstration of the proposed technique's simplicity and effectiveness.

Conclusions:

The proposed technique offers a straightforward and efficient way to produce partially coherent and partially polarized light.
This method provides a valuable tool for research and applications requiring such light sources.