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Updated: Jun 10, 2026
Repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Action Observation Training in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Published on: August 9, 2024
Functional gains after surgical procedures in spastic upper extremity: a comparative study between children and
Konstantinos N Malizos1, Athanasios K Liantsis, Sokratis E Varitimidis
1Hand Surgery and Microsurgery Unit, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessalia, Larissa, Greece. malizos@med.uth.gr
Abstract:
Thirty-four patients with spastic upper extremity secondary to cerebral palsy underwent operative treatment with bony and soft tissue procedures including osteotomies, capsulotomies tendon transfers, lengthening and releases. The follow-up ranged from 24 months to 9 years with a mean of 52 months. For the evaluation of the surgical outcome patients were classified into two age groups, one younger (4-14 years) and one older (15-34 years). All patients in both the groups presented with significant improvement postoperatively. Patients who were operated early (first group) had statistically better results in a series of tasks that were used for evaluation. We suggest early intervention with all necessary surgical steps which should be individualized depending on patient's situation and needs.
