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Related Concept Videos

Support Reactions01:30

Support Reactions

A coplanar force system refers to a set of forces that all lie in the same plane and are subject to different reactions between the point of contact and the supports. Understanding how different types of supports affect coplanar forces is crucial for designing safe and reliable structures that can withstand external loads.
The purpose of the supports is to prevent the translational motion of the system by applying an equal and opposite force and to prevent the system's rotation by applying a...
Stability of structures01:14

Stability of structures

In mechanical engineering, the stability of systems under various forces is critical for designing durable and efficient structures. One fundamental way to explore these concepts is by analyzing systems like two rods connected at a pivot point, O, with a torsional spring of spring constant k at the pivot point. This system is similar in appearance to a scissor jack used to change tires on a car. In this case, the arms of the linkage (equivalent to the rods in this system) are entirely vertical,...
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Rigid Body Equilibrium Problems - II

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Rigid Body Equilibrium Problems - I00:49

Rigid Body Equilibrium Problems - I

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Buoyancy and Stability for Submerged and Floating Bodies01:11

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In fluid mechanics, buoyancy and stability are key concepts for understanding the behavior of submerged and floating bodies. When a stationary body is fully or partially submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts a force on the body known as the buoyant force. This force acts vertically upward through a point called the center of buoyancy, which is the center of the displaced fluid volume. According to Archimedes' principle, the magnitude of the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance
07:19

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance

Published on: March 19, 2020

Tonic postural lean after-effects influenced by support surface stability and dynamics.

W G Wright1

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, Temple University, 3307 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. geoff.wright@temple.edu

Human Movement Science
|August 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lean after-effects, or postural sway, occur after standing on ramps. Surface reliability influences how the body adapts and returns to baseline, impacting muscle tonic set-points.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuromuscular physiology
  • Human postural control
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Prolonged standing on inclined surfaces can induce tonic neuromuscular changes, leading to lean after-effects.
  • Understanding these postural processes is crucial for analyzing human balance and adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate postural processes underlying lean after-effects using dynamic surface conditions.
  • To examine how surface reliability affects postural adaptation and recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (n=11) stood with eyes closed on fixed or sinusoidal tilted ramps for adaptation.
  • Postural after-effects were measured on fixed horizontal or sway-referenced surfaces.
  • Center-of-pressure and surface tilt were analyzed during post-adaptation phases.

Main Results:

  • All participants exhibited significant postural after-effects (p < .003).
  • Adaptation on a sine-tilted surface followed by a fixed surface caused forward leaning.
  • Adaptation on a sine-tilted surface followed by a sway-referenced surface resulted in backward center-of-pressure shifts and increased dorsiflexion (p < .02, p < .002).

Conclusions:

  • Surface reliability is a key factor influencing the return of center-of-pressure and surface tilt to baseline after adaptation.
  • Dynamic surface adaptation affects postural control, with implications for flexor/extensor muscle tonic set-point regulation.