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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection
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Published on: December 8, 2014

Travelers' diarrhea.

David R Hill1, Nick J Beeching

  • 1National Travel Health Network and Centre and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. david.hill@uclh.org

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|August 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Travelers' diarrhea is common in low-income regions, with higher risks in South Asia and for women. New research identifies genetic risks, pathogens like enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and promising prevention strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Travel Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Travelers' diarrhea (TD) affects a significant portion of global travelers, particularly to low-income regions.
  • Existing knowledge on TD management is dated, necessitating updated information on risks, causes, and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of geographic and host risk factors for travelers' diarrhea.
  • To explore novel etiologies and emerging prevention strategies for travelers' diarrhea.
  • To provide updated guidance on the management and self-treatment of travelers' diarrhea.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on travelers' diarrhea.
  • Analysis of geographic risk, host susceptibility, and pathogen identification.
  • Evaluation of new vaccine candidates and treatment protocols.

Main Results:

  • South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South America present the highest TD risks.
  • Host genetics (e.g., lactoferrin, osteoprotegerin, IL-10 genes) and sanitation levels are significant risk factors.
  • Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis is a potential new pathogen; azithromycin is recommended for self-treatment in high-risk areas.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding of TD determinants has improved, but it remains a prevalent travel-related illness.
  • Continued development of intervention strategies is crucial for reducing TD incidence.
  • New insights into pathogens and host factors inform updated prevention and treatment recommendations.