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Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices
04:54

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

Published on: January 17, 2017

Wax-bonding 3D microfluidic chips.

Xiuqing Gong1, Xin Yi, Kang Xiao

  • 1Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Lab on a Chip
|August 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a low-cost, recyclable microfluidic chip made from paper and wax. This innovative design enables 3D chip fabrication and demonstrates applications in cell electroporation and bacterial chemotaxis studies.

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

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Published on: May 12, 2008

Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Traditional microfluidic chip fabrication can be expensive and time-consuming.
  • Developing cost-effective and versatile microfluidic platforms is crucial for broader scientific applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, low-cost, and detachable microfluidic chip using accessible materials.
  • To demonstrate the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic devices.
  • To evaluate the chip's biocompatibility and applicability in biological assays.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized laser cutting for patterning paper or polymer films.
  • Employed hot-melt adhesive wax for reversible bonding of diverse materials (paper, PMMA, glass, metal).
  • Fabricated 3D microfluidic chips via multilayer wax bonding and a hot-water bath process.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful PCR compatibility with chip materials.
  • Applied the wax-paper chip for HeLa cell electroporation.
  • Fabricated a 5-layer 3D chip and evaluated its sealing and durability using GFP-recombinant E. coli for chemotaxis studies.

Conclusions:

  • The wax-based microfluidic chip offers a cost-effective, reusable, and versatile platform for various biological applications.
  • The developed fabrication method allows for simple 3D microfluidic device construction.
  • The chip exhibits good biocompatibility and sealing capabilities, suitable for cell-based assays and bacterial studies.