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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
In vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.

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Developmental Toxicity Assay Based on Real-Time Monitoring of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signal Disruption in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
05:45

Developmental Toxicity Assay Based on Real-Time Monitoring of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signal Disruption in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: October 10, 2025

In vitro embryotoxicity and teratogenicity studies.

P W Peters1, A H Piersma

  • 1Unit of Teratology, Endocrinology and Perinatal Screening, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.

Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA
|August 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The development of in vitro toxicological research methods is driven by the need to reduce animal testing. These advanced techniques enhance the evaluation of developmental hazards in reproductive toxicity studies.

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Developmental Toxicity Assay Based on Real-Time Monitoring of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signal Disruption in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Published on: August 25, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Developmental Biology
  • In Vitro Methods

Background:

  • Societal pressure to reduce animal use in research and testing has increased.
  • Advancements in analytical techniques enable precise measurement of biological materials.
  • Progress in tissue and embryo culture facilitates routine and mechanistic studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the diverse range of in vitro methods available for toxicological research.
  • To highlight the necessity and application of in vitro techniques in reproductive toxicity assessment.
  • To emphasize the importance of evaluating developmental hazards.

Main Methods:

  • Review of various in vitro systems, from cellular to whole embryo models.
  • Application of sophisticated analytical techniques for sensitive measurements.
  • Utilization of tissue and embryo culture for routine and mechanistic studies.

Main Results:

  • A wide array of in vitro systems are available for assessing reproductive toxicity, embryotoxicity, and teratogenicity.
  • These systems range in complexity from microorganisms to mammalian embryos.
  • The integration of in vitro methods complements existing in vivo approaches.

Conclusions:

  • The application of diverse in vitro methodologies is crucial for modern toxicological research.
  • Combining in vivo and in vitro approaches enhances the quality of teratological research.
  • Improved evaluation of developmental hazards is achievable through integrated methodologies.