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Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

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Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice
07:33

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Published on: February 2, 2014

Prophylactic allergen vaccination: current and future perspectives.

Patrick G Holt1

  • 1Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia.

Arbeiten Aus Dem Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (Bundesinstitut Fur Impfstoffe Und Biomedizinische Arzneimittel) Langen/Hessen
|August 31, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergen immunotherapy, traditionally for rhinitis, is increasingly considered for childhood asthma prevention. Growing understanding of asthma

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Allergen specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is established for atopic diseases like allergic rhinitis.
  • Clinical reluctance exists in applying ASIT to childhood atopic asthma.
  • Emerging insights into asthma pathogenesis are broadening the rationale for ASIT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the expanding rationale for using allergen immunotherapy in childhood asthma.
  • To highlight recent developments in ASIT for asthma prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent developments in allergen immunotherapy and asthma.
  • Analysis of pathogenic mechanisms driving asthma aetiology and pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Understanding of asthma pathogenesis is evolving.
  • Rationale for ASIT in asthma, especially for prevention, is strengthening.

Conclusions:

  • ASIT shows promise for primary and secondary prevention of childhood asthma.
  • Further research and clinical consideration of ASIT for asthma are warranted.