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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring
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Artifact free T2*-weighted imaging at high spatial resolution using segmented EPI sequences.

Patrick Michael Heiler1, Sebastian Schmitter, Lothar Rudi Schad

  • 1University of Heidelberg, Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Mannheim, Germany. patrick.heiler@medma.uni-heidelberg.de

Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Physik
|September 14, 2010
PubMed
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Two novel MRI techniques, echo train shifting and reversed gradient, significantly reduce artifacts in T2*-weighted imaging. These methods enable high-resolution, submillimeter imaging in approximately 2 seconds per slice, improving clarity and speed for fMRI applications.

Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • High-resolution T2*-weighted imaging is crucial for functional MRI (fMRI).
  • Conventional multi-shot echo planar imaging (EPI) sequences often suffer from blurring and ghosting artifacts.
  • Reducing measurement time while maintaining image quality remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel measurement techniques for rapid, high-resolution T2*-weighted MRI.
  • To minimize blurring and ghosting artifacts in EPI sequences.
  • To enhance signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Development of two new k-space acquisition techniques: echo train shifting and reversed gradient method.
  • Simulations and phantom measurements to validate the techniques.

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  • Implementation of a dual-contrast acquisition for echo train shifting to improve SNR-efficiency.

    • Main Results:

    • Echo train shifting effectively reduces artifacts in multi-shot EPI.
    • The reversed gradient method significantly mitigates artifacts from discontinuous k-space weighting.
    • Dual-contrast acquisition with echo train shifting increases SNR by approximately 2x within a 1.5x measurement time increase.
    • Artifact-free T2*-weighted images with submillimeter in-plane resolution (256x256 matrix) achieved in ~2s/slice for fMRI-feasible parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed echo train shifting and reversed gradient methods offer substantial improvements for T2*-weighted MRI.
    • These techniques enable faster, higher-resolution imaging with reduced artifacts, beneficial for fMRI.
    • The novel approaches address key limitations of conventional EPI sequences, paving the way for more robust neuroimaging studies.