Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Utero-tubal Embryo Transfer and Vasectomy in the Mouse Model
Published on: February 28, 2014
Dizygotic twin pregnancy after transfer of one embryo
Marie-Louise van der Hoorn1, Frans Helmerhorst, Frans Claas
1Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. m.l.p.van_der_hoorn@lumc.nl
Objective:
To consider the risk of intercourse without contraception during infertility treatment.
Design:
Case report.
Setting:
Leiden University Medical Center.
Patient(S):
An infertile couple underwent IVF for tubal pathology.
Intervention(S):
Transfer of one embryo during a natural cycle.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
Human leukocyte antigen typing, histochemical analysis of the fetal membranes, neonatal and maternal clinical outcomes.
Result(S):
A dizygotic twin pregnancy was confirmed after birth by human leukocyte antigen typing of both fetuses and mother and by histochemical analysis of the dividing fetal membranes. This suggests a pregnancy of concurrent IVF and spontaneous conception. Pregnancy was complicated by preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation of both fetuses.
Conclusion(S):
We state that couples should abstain from intercourse without contraception during infertility treatment to prevent multiple gestation and its related complications for mother and fetuses.
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