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Hearing disability in the elderly.

¹Nottingham Clinical Outstation, MRC Institute of Hearing Research, General Hospital, UK.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica. Supplementum

|January 1, 1990

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Hearing disability worsens with age, particularly after 50. Older adults show greater disability than expected from hearing loss alone, influenced by sex and socioeconomic factors.

Area of Science:

Audiology
Gerontology
Public Health

Background:

Hearing disability and impairment increase with age, especially over 50.
Older individuals may experience excess disability beyond what hearing impairment alone predicts.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify excess disability in relation to age, sex, and socioeconomic factors.
To investigate the relationship between hearing impairment and perceived disability across different demographics.

Main Methods:

A study involving 2,466 subjects aged 17-80 years.
Utilized performance tests (words in quiet, sentences in noise) and a self-administered questionnaire.
Assessed hearing threshold levels, disability, and handicap.

Main Results:

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Disability measures systematically increased with hearing threshold levels.
Excess disability was observed with increasing age in performance measures.
Older subjects with mild impairments under-rated their disability in self-reports.
Females and non-manual workers generally showed better performance for a given hearing level.
Low correlation was found between performance tests and self-reported disability.

Conclusions:

Age is a significant factor contributing to excess hearing disability, particularly in objective performance measures.
Self-reported disability may not accurately reflect objective hearing impairment in older adults.
Sex and socioeconomic status influence hearing disability, with females and non-manual workers exhibiting better outcomes.