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Related Concept Videos

B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A Method For Production of Recombinant mCD1d Protein in Insect Cells.
09:41

A Method For Production of Recombinant mCD1d Protein in Insect Cells.

Published on: December 10, 2007

New B-cell CD molecules.

Jessica Matesanz-Isabel1, Jordi Sintes, Laia Llinàs

  • 1Immunology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences, Medical School, University of Barcelona, C/Casanova 143, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.

Immunology Letters
|October 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eighteen new cell surface molecules, identified by the Ninth Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens Workshop, offer novel insights into B cell biology and immune regulation. These discoveries pave the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

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Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development
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Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development

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Generation of Human CD40-activated B cells
13:27

Generation of Human CD40-activated B cells

Published on: October 16, 2009

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A Method For Production of Recombinant mCD1d Protein in Insect Cells.
09:41

A Method For Production of Recombinant mCD1d Protein in Insect Cells.

Published on: December 10, 2007

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development
08:25

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development

Published on: January 22, 2021

Generation of Human CD40-activated B cells
13:27

Generation of Human CD40-activated B cells

Published on: October 16, 2009

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • B cells are crucial for humoral immunity, antigen presentation, and T-cell regulation.
  • Cell-surface CD molecules, identified through Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens (HLDA) Workshops, are key to understanding B cell populations.
  • These molecules regulate B cell development, activation, and effector functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the expression patterns of eighteen newly allocated CD molecules on various leukocyte subsets, with a focus on B cells.
  • To review the structural characteristics, expression profiles, and functional roles of these novel B cell-associated molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cell-surface molecule expression on leukocytes, including B cell subsets, T lymphocytes, NK cells, granulocytes, monocytes, and dendritic cells.
  • Utilizing data from the Ninth Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens Workshop (HLDA9).

Main Results:

  • Eighteen new CD molecules (CD210a to CD363) were identified on B cells at various differentiation stages, from pro-B cells to plasma cells.
  • Three molecules (CD307a, CD307b, CD307d) showed B-cell restricted expression.
  • The remaining novel CD molecules were also found on other leukocyte types.

Conclusions:

  • The newly identified CD molecules expand the repertoire of cell-surface markers for B cell characterization.
  • These findings have significant implications for advancing B cell biology research.
  • The development of monoclonal antibodies against these novel molecules will facilitate new diagnostic and therapeutic applications in immunology.