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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
Classification of Bones01:18

Classification of Bones

The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The long...
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An immobile...
Cellular Injury II: Classification01:21

Cellular Injury II: Classification

Cellular injury is any process that disrupts a cell’s ability to maintain homeostasis, leading to structural or functional changes. It is broadly classified based on etiology (cause) and mechanism of damage.Classification by EtiologyCellular injury may result from several causes. Hypoxic injury happens due to reduced oxygen delivery, most commonly from inadequate blood supply, such as arterial obstruction; for example, coronary artery thrombosis can cause myocardial infarction. Chemical injury...
Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview01:22

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview

Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
Based on the number of cell layers,...

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Effects of Mechanical Methods Used in Peri-implantitis Treatment on Implant Surface Decontamination and Roughness
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The classification of implants: class I, II, III.

Carola F van Eck1, Antonia F Chen, Brian A Klatt

  • 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants
|October 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This paper reviews medical device classifications, focusing on orthopedic implants. It details the development of artificial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts and FDA-approved ceramic hip prostheses.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomaterials science
  • Medical device regulation

Background:

  • Medical implants are crucial medical devices for patient diagnosis and treatment.
  • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies medical devices into three classes based on safety risk and regulatory controls.
  • Class III devices, the most rigorously reviewed, include most orthopedic implants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss various categories of orthopedic implants.
  • To highlight the development of artificial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts.
  • To examine the FDA approval process for alumina ceramic-on-ceramic (COC) total hip prostheses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of FDA device classifications (Class I, II, III).
  • Discussion of general and special controls for medical devices.
  • Case study analysis of specific orthopedic implant developments.

Main Results:

  • Orthopedic implants predominantly fall under FDA Class III, requiring stringent scientific review.
  • Advancements in artificial ACL graft technology are progressing.
  • Alumina ceramic-on-ceramic total hip prostheses have received FDA approval, indicating successful navigation of regulatory pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding FDA device classification is critical for orthopedic implant development and market entry.
  • The rigorous review process ensures the safety and efficacy of advanced orthopedic implants.
  • Continued innovation in biomaterials and surgical techniques drives the evolution of orthopedic implants.