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[Hypertensive crises and emergencies: the concept and initial management].

V J González Ramallo1, A Muiño Miguez

  • 1Sección de Medicina de Urgencia, Hospital General Gregorio Marañón, Madrid.

Anales De Medicina Interna (Madrid, Spain : 1984)
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

High blood pressure requires urgent medical attention. This review differentiates hypertensive emergencies, needing parenteral treatment for organ damage, from hypertensive urgency, managed with less aggressive oral or sublingual therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertension is highly prevalent and often poorly controlled.
  • Hypertension is a frequent cause for urgent medical care.
  • Management strategies for hypertensive urgency and emergency require clear differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the concepts of hypertensive urgency and emergency.
  • To describe the distinct treatment approaches for both conditions.
  • To clarify the clinical definitions and management pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current guidelines and studies.
  • Comparative analysis of hypertensive urgency versus emergency.
  • Description of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic interventions.

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Main Results:

  • Hypertensive emergency involves severe organ damage due to elevated blood pressure, necessitating intensive parenteral treatment.
  • Hypertensive urgency is a less critical condition, managed with oral or sublingual medications.
  • Prompt and appropriate treatment is crucial for preventing severe complications.

Conclusions:

  • Distinguishing between hypertensive urgency and emergency is vital for appropriate patient management.
  • Parenteral therapy is reserved for hypertensive emergencies with evidence of organ damage.
  • Oral or sublingual treatments are effective for hypertensive urgency without acute organ compromise.