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Related Concept Videos

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term proteomics...
Composition of Blood Plasma01:24

Composition of Blood Plasma

Blood plasma is a fluid that contains approximately 92% water and 8% solutes. The solutes include various types of proteins, which constitute about 7% of the total solutes in the plasma. The high-molecular-weight proteins—albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen—are essential to plasma function. Albumins, making up about 60% of the plasma proteins, maintain the osmotic balance within blood vessels by preventing excessive water leakage. Additionally, albumins serve as carrier proteins, binding to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Hydrogel Nanoparticle Harvesting of Plasma or Urine for Detecting Low Abundance Proteins
10:05

Hydrogel Nanoparticle Harvesting of Plasma or Urine for Detecting Low Abundance Proteins

Published on: August 7, 2014

The plasma microparticle proteome.

Kristina M Little1, David M Smalley, Nancy L Harthun

  • 1Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
|November 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma microparticles (MPs) contain proteins that may serve as disease biomarkers. This study identified a core set of 130 proteins in human plasma MPs, offering potential for diagnostic applications.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Hydrogel Nanoparticle Harvesting of Plasma or Urine for Detecting Low Abundance Proteins
10:05

Hydrogel Nanoparticle Harvesting of Plasma or Urine for Detecting Low Abundance Proteins

Published on: August 7, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Proteomics
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Cellular activation or stress leads to shedding of microparticles (MPs), including ectosomes and exosomes.
  • Plasma MP protein composition is altered in various diseases, such as cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, sepsis, and sickle cell disease.
  • Normal human plasma contains approximately 2 μg MP protein/mL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the protein composition of plasma microparticles.
  • To identify a core set of plasma MP proteins and investigate their correlation with patient demographics.
  • To evaluate the potential of the plasma MP proteome as a source of disease biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Label-free liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze plasma MP protein composition.
  • High-confidence protein identification was achieved using SEQUEST XCor criteria.
  • Analysis was performed on plasma samples from 42 patients, predominantly with cardiovascular disease.

Main Results:

  • A total of 458 proteins were detected with high confidence in plasma MPs.
  • A core set of 130 proteins was identified, consistently present across most patients.
  • This core proteome is enriched in cytoskeletal, integrin complex, and hemostasis proteins.
  • Spectral counts of some proteins correlated with patient age and gender.

Conclusions:

  • The proteome of plasma microparticles represents a valuable and dependable source of biologically relevant disease biomarkers.
  • The identified core set of MP proteins provides a foundation for further biomarker discovery.
  • Plasma MP analysis holds promise for advancing diagnostic capabilities in various diseases.