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Related Concept Videos

False Memories01:18

False Memories

False memories represent a cognitive distortion in which individuals recall events that did not happen, or remember them in an altered form. This phenomenon highlights the brain's constructive nature in processing and recalling memories, emphasizing that memory is not a perfect representation of past events but rather a dynamic reconstruction influenced by various factors.
One primary source of false memories is misattribution, where individuals incorrectly associate external information with...
Eyewitness Memory01:22

Eyewitness Memory

Eyewitness memory refers to the recollection of events by someone who has directly witnessed them, often serving as critical evidence in legal settings. This type of memory is commonly used in criminal cases where a witness describes details like a suspect's appearance, clothing, or behavior during a crime. However, despite its perceived reliability, eyewitness memory is prone to significant errors.
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Self-verification is a fundamental psychological drive wherein individuals seek affirmation of their self-concept from others, striving for consistency between their internal self-view and external perceptions. This drive operates even when the self-concept is negative, influencing interpersonal behavior and feedback preferences in complex and often counterintuitive ways. Unlike the self-enhancement motive, which seeks positive evaluations, self-verification prioritizes coherence and...
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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
Arbitrary Inference
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
07:26

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Believe in yourself: Manipulating beliefs about memory causes checking.

Gillian M Alcolado1, Adam S Radomsky

  • 1Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Behaviour Research and Therapy
|November 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Manipulating memory beliefs in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can influence checking compulsions. Lower memory confidence increased urges to check, suggesting memory beliefs impact OCD behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Repetitive checking is a common compulsion in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • While individuals check to increase certainty, this behavior paradoxically leads to greater uncertainty.
  • Existing cognitive-behavioral models of OCD focus on beliefs about responsibility, threat, and thought control, but not memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether manipulating beliefs about memory influences the urge to perform compulsive checking behaviors.
  • To explore the role of memory uncertainty in the development and maintenance of checking compulsions in OCD.

Main Methods:

  • Ninety-one undergraduate participants were recruited for the study.
  • Participants received false feedback on memory test performance, creating either low or high memory confidence conditions.
  • Urges to check were assessed after participants completed subsequent memory tasks.

Main Results:

  • Individuals in the low memory confidence condition reported significantly greater urges to check compared to those in the high memory confidence condition.
  • This demonstrates that experimentally manipulating beliefs about memory can directly influence checking urges.
  • The findings support the hypothesis that memory uncertainty plays a role in compulsive checking.

Conclusions:

  • Beliefs about memory are a potential factor influencing compulsive checking in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
  • These findings suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapies for OCD could benefit from addressing memory-related beliefs.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the therapeutic implications of targeting memory beliefs in OCD treatment.