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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...
Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...

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A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

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Published on: August 18, 2015

Genetics of ischemic stroke.

Saad M Alrajeh1, Nura H Alkali

  • 1Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, King Khaled University Hospital, PO Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel. +966 (1) 4671532. Fax. +966 (1) 4672424.

Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)
|November 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic factors play a significant role in stroke etiology. Understanding these genetic links, including novel genes and thrombophilic states, aids in assessing stroke risk and implementing life-saving preventive measures.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Genetics
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally.
  • While hypertension is a major risk factor, over 20% of ischemic strokes have unknown causes.
  • Emerging research highlights genetic factors in stroke etiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of novel genes and genetic conditions in the development of stroke.
  • To understand how genetic discoveries can improve stroke risk assessment and prevention.
  • To integrate genetic insights with existing knowledge of stroke risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent genetic research implicating specific genes (e.g., sHE, FLAP, PDE4D).
  • Examination of thrombophilic states (e.g., prothrombin G20210A, factor V Leiden) as stroke causes.
  • Consideration of genetic disorders like Fabry disease and sickle cell disease in stroke context.

Main Results:

  • Novel genes such as soluble epoxide hydrolase (sHE), 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP), and phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) are implicated in ischemic stroke.
  • Thrombophilic states are recognized causes of arterial stroke.
  • Advances in treating inherited disorders like Fabry disease and sickle cell disease impact stroke management.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the genetics of stroke enhances the ability to identify susceptible individuals.
  • Early preventive measures based on genetic risk assessment can be life-saving.
  • Further genetic research is crucial to reduce the global burden of stroke.