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Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
Interference: Path Lengths01:10

Interference: Path Lengths

Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Nondiffracting interference patterns generated with programmable spatial light modulators.

J A Davis, E Carcole, D M Cottrell

    Applied Optics
    |November 12, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers created a novel nondiffracting beam pattern, forming a circular array of stable spots. This innovation offers new possibilities for optical metrology and interconnection applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Applied Physics

    Background:

    • Nondiffracting beams maintain size and shape during propagation, making them valuable for optical metrology.
    • Existing methods for generating complex beam patterns can be limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To create a novel generating pattern for nondiffracting beams.
    • To demonstrate the formation of a circular array of nondiffracting spots.
    • To explore the generation of multiplexed arrays for advanced optical applications.

    Main Methods:

    • A generating pattern was created using a linear combination of two known nondiffracting patterns.
    • Programmable spatial light modulators were employed to generate Bessel function arrays.
    • Interference patterns were analyzed to confirm beam characteristics.

    Main Results:

    • A stable, circular array of nondiffracting spots was successfully generated.
    • Multiplexed arrays capable of simultaneously producing two different nondiffracting patterns were constructed.
    • The generated arrays demonstrated consistent nondiffracting propagation.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed technique enables the creation of complex nondiffracting beam arrays.
    • These arrays are suitable for applications requiring stable optical patterns, such as angular alignment and optical interconnections.
    • Programmable spatial light modulators offer a versatile platform for generating advanced optical beam structures.