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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

An Aptamer-based Sensor for Unchelated Gadolinium(III)
Published on: January 9, 2017
Detecting and measuring free gadolinium in nanoparticles for MRI imaging
Jeffrey D Clogston1, Anil K Patri
1Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA.
Abstract:
This chapter describes a method for the measurement of free gadolinium in nanoparticle samples. Conjugation of a gadolinium-chelate to a nanoparticle allows the particle's distribution to be imaged via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Free (unchelated) gadolinium is a known toxin, being a heavy metal, and may contribute towards total gadolinium concentration. Determining the amount of free gadolinium is therefore an important aspect of the preclinical characterization of gadolinium-chelate MRI imaging agent nanoparticles.
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